Chemical name: Polysorbate
Product Standard: GB/EP/USP/FCC
Shelf life: 2 years.
Polysorbate
Polysorbate is an emulsifier used to stabilize ingredient blends, smooth textures, and regulate moisture.
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Polysorbate
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Product Overview
Polysorbate is a group of emulsifiers used in many pharmaceutical, food, and personal care products. They are also referred to by other names like Tween, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, and the E numbers E432-E436.
Chemically, polysorbates are composed of sorbitan (sugar alcohol) reacted with ethylene oxide and fatty acids like lauric acid or stearic acid. This gives them a structure with both hydrophilic and lipophilic regions.
Polysorbates have a variety of functions including as surfactants, solubilizers, emulsifiers, and dispersing agents. They help disperse oils, flavors, and vitamins in water-based products.
The most common polysorbates include:
- Polysorbate 20: Derived from lauric acid, it has a HLB value of 16.7. Used as an emulsifier in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
- Polysorbate 40: Derived from palmitic acid, it has a HLB of 15.6. Used as an emulsifier and solubilizer in bakery and pharmaceutical applications.
- Polysorbate 60: Derived from stearic acid, it has an HLB of 14.9. Used in ice cream and cake mixes as an emulsifier. Also used in fat-soluble vitamin formulations.
- Polysorbate 65: Derived from palmitic and stearic acid, it has an HLB of 14.9. Used in cakes and bread doughs as an emulsifier. Also used in cosmetic creams and lotions.
- Polysorbate 80: Derived from oleic acid, it has a HLB of 15. Used in ice cream to prevent melting, and in chewable tablets as a solubilizer.
Specifications
| Product name | Appearance | Physical and chemical indicators | HLB
value |
||
| PH value
(mgKOH/g) |
Saponification value
(mgKOH/g) |
hydroxyl value
(mgKOH/g) |
|||
| Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate | Viscous
fluid |
≤ 2.0 | 40~50 | 96~108 | 16.7 |
| Polyoxyethylene (40) sorbitan monooleate | ≤ 2.0 | 41~52 | 90~107 | 15.6 | |
| Polyoxyethylene (60) sorbitan monooleate | ≤ 2.0 | 45~55 | 81~96 | 14.9 | |
| Polyoxyethylene (80) sorbitan monooleate | ≤ 2.0 | 45~55 | 65~80 | 15.0 | |
The main application of Polysorbate
- Polysorbates in the food industry are utilized as emulsifiers in products like ice cream, cakes, dressings, and chocolate, preventing separation.
- Polysorbates in pharmaceuticals function as solubilizers for active ingredients in tablet coatings and oral solutions, and prevent crystallization in various formulations.
- Polysorbates in biological applications are used to stabilize proteins, antibodies, and enzymes against physical stressors like freezing, drying, and high temperatures.
- Polysorbates in cosmetics and skin care act as emulsifiers and stabilizers in products such as lotions, creams, and cosmetics.
- Polysorbates in plastics and textiles are employed as emulsifiers, wetting agents, and dispersants in the manufacturing processes of plastics, adhesives, and synthetic fibers.
- Polysorbates in agriculture are used as surfactants to emulsify and disperse pesticide ingredients, enhancing their spread and absorption.
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